Rafflesia Flowers Arnoldii

Patma giant

Padma giant (Rafflesia arnoldii) is an obligate parasite plant notorious for having very large flowers, and even the world's largest flower. He grew up in a network of vines (lianas) Tetrastigma and do not have leaves that are not able to photosynthesize. The naming of giant flowers are not separated by the history of the first discovery in 1818 in the tropical forest of Bengkulu (Sumatra) somewhere near the river Manna, Lubuk However, South Bengkulu, Bengkulu so well known in the world as The Land of Rafflesia Rafflesia or the Earth. A guide who works at the Dr. Joseph Arnold who discovered the giant flower is the first time. Dr. Joseph Arnold himself was the center following the expedition led by Thomas Stamford Raffles. So naming the Rafflesia flower arnoldii based joint names of Thomas Stamford Raffles as a leader of the expedition and Dr. Joseph Arnold as the inventor of the flower. This plant is endemic to the island of Sumatra, particularly the southern part (Bengkulu, Jambi and South Sumatra). Kerinci Seblat National Park is an area of ​​major conservation of this species. This species, together with the other members of the genus Rafflesia, threatened its status due to massive deforestation. In Java to grow only one type of patma parasite, Rafflesia patma.

Interest is not rooted parasitic, leafless, and not stemmed. Diameter of the flower when in bloom can reach one meter and weighs about 11 pounds. Flowers suck inorganic and organic elements of the host plant Tetrastigma. The only part that could be called "plant" is a network that grows on vines Tetrastigma. Flowers have five petals that surround the mouth that looks like a barrel. At the base of the flower are like barbed plate, containing stamens or pistils depends on the sex of flowers, male or female. Animal pollinators are flies attracted by the stench that issued interest. Interest was only about a week (5-7 days) and after that wilt and die. Percentage of conception are very small, because the male flowers and female flowers bloom very rarely together in a single week, if any flies that came fertilize.

Bengkulu

Bengkulu (ANTARA News) - Researchers from the Faculty of Agriculture, University Raflesia Bengkulu Susatya Agus said that in the province of Bengkulu still be found four types of rare flora Raflesia.
"We can still be found in the woods Raflesia four types of Bengkulu, but his condition is threatened by the encroachment of activity," he said in Bengkulu, Saturday.He said it was sympathetic action on the sidelines of dozens of members of the Community Care for Rare Puspa Bengkulu Bengkulu City in the Simpang Lima, Puspa Love Day and National Wildlife November 5.
Four species that live in the forest Raflesia Bengkulu is the Raflesia arnoldii, Raflesia gadutensis, Raflesia hasselti and Raflesia bengkuluensis.
"The four types of Raflesia this can still be found in the forest of Bengkulu, the automatic preservation depends on the protection of endangered forests Bengkulu over the function," said inventor Raflesia bengkuluensis this type.
Agus said in the past five years, rare flora is increasingly difficult to find in Bengkulu and Sumatra forest habitat and its host due to increasingly difficult to obtain.
According to him, Raflesia that bloom in the forest areas increasingly difficult to find as rampant illegal logging and encroachment action of forests to plantations in the wild.
"Love Love in the Forest Preserve District rafflesia Kepahiang one of the damaged habitat where nearly 50 percent of the area is planted with coffee and no concrete action from the government to address this," he explains.
Rafflesia flowers spp, according to him, did not receive attention for rare fauna Sumatran tiger (tigris sumatrae Phantera) whose status is also endangered.
"If the dead tiger was definitely excited, but if the habitat is kept narrowing spp rafflesia was no response," he said.
Government support for the preservation of the budget allocated to research flora is also very minimal.
The Philippines country whilst in the last five years has managed to find five new species rafflesia spp and claims to be the center of puspa rare.
In fact he said, from 25 rafflesia spp in the world, as many as 14 species are in Indonesia and 11 were located on the island of Sumatra.
Research on Raflesia said he has not got a decent portion among researchers. This is evident from the number of researchers Raflesia that can be counted on the fingers.
"Currently there are only three researchers Raflesia, besides me, a lecturer at the University of Riau and another lecturer at IPB," he said.
Agus expect the government and public awareness of the existence of the world's largest flora that remain stable in the Earth Rafflesia

. I am part of this story I took from www.wikipedia.com
Bengkulu city itself is a place where I was born and I was proud to be the son of rafflesia.
rafflesia letter to the earth, from Theo Delmora jakarta 27 June 2012

Indonesia is my country

The best tours in Indonesia are up in the eyes of the world famous

Indonesia is my country

Republic of Indonesia Indonesia is the abbreviated RI or country in Southeast Asia, which is crossed by the equator and located between the continents of Asia and Australia as well as between the Pacific and Indian Ocean. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic country consisting of 13 487 islands, [5] [6], therefore it is also known as Nusantara ("outer islands", in addition to Java, which is considered the center). [7] With a population of 222 million people in 2006, [8] Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world and the largest Muslim country in the world, although not officially an Islamic state. Indonesia is a republic form of government, the House of Representatives, Regional Representative Council and the President is elected directly. Capital city is Jakarta. Indonesia borders Malaysia on Borneo island, with Papua New Guinea on New Guinea and East Timor on the island of Timor. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, the Philippines, Australia, and the territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India.

History of Indonesia is heavily influenced by other nations. Indonesia archipelago became an important trade region since at least the 7th century, when the kingdom of Palembang Srivijaya in religion and trade relations with China and India. Hindu kingdoms and Buddhism has been growing in the early centuries AD, followed by the traders who brought Islam, and various European powers fought each other to monopolize the spice trade in the Moluccas during the era of ocean exploration. Having been under Dutch rule, Indonesia which was called the Dutch East Indies declared its independence at the end of World War II. Indonesia's history has many obstacles, threats and challenges of natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process and a period of rapid economic change.

From Sabang to Merauke, Indonesia consists of various ethnic, linguistic and religious groups. The Javanese are the largest ethnic group and most politically dominant. Indonesia's national motto, "Unity in Diversity" ("It varies, but remains one"), articulates the diversity that shapes the country. Besides having a dense population and vast territory, Indonesia has a natural area that supports the second largest biodiversity in the world.

Indonesia is also a member of the UN and the only member who ever came out of the United Nations, which was on January 7, 1965, and joined again on September 28, 1966, and Indonesia and equipment are stated as a member of the 60th, the same membership since joining Indonesia on 28 September 1950. In addition to the United Nations, Indonesia is also a member of ASEAN, APEC, OIC, G-20 and will be a member of the OECD.

Alpha

Subdivisions

Indonesia saat ini terdiri dari 33 provinsi, lima di antaranya memiliki status yang berbeda. Provinsi dibagi menjadi 399 kabupaten dan 98 kota yang dibagi lagi menjadi kecamatan dan lagi menjadi kelurahan, desa, gampong, kampung, nagari, pekon, atau istilah lain yang diakomodasi oleh Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Tiap provinsi memiliki DPRD Provinsi dan gubernur; sementara kabupaten memiliki DPRD Kabupaten dan bupati; kemudian kota memiliki DPRD Kota dan wali kota; semuanya dipilih langsung oleh rakyat melalui Pemilu dan Pilkada. Bagaimanapun di Jakarta tidak terdapat DPR Kabupaten atau Kota, karena Kabupaten Administrasi dan Kota Administrasi di Jakarta bukanlah daerah otonom.
Provinsi Aceh, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Papua Barat, dan Papua memiliki hak istimewa legislatur yang lebih besar dan tingkat otonomi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan provinsi lainnya. Contohnya, Aceh berhak membentuk sistem legal sendiri; pada tahun 2003, Aceh mulai menetapkan hukum Syariah.^[28] Yogyakarta mendapatkan status Daerah Istimewa sebagai pengakuan terhadap peran penting Yogyakarta dalam mendukung Indonesia selama Revolusi.^[29] Provinsi Papua, sebelumnya disebut Irian Jaya, mendapat status otonomi khusus tahun 2001.^[30] DKI Jakarta, adalah daerah khusus ibukota negara. Timor Portugis digabungkan ke dalam wilayah Indonesia dan menjadi provinsi Timor Timur pada 1979–1999, yang kemudian memisahkan diri melalui referendum menjadi Negara Timor Leste.^[31]

Geography

See also: Map of Asia and the number of islands in Indonesia
Madakaripura waterfall in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Lumbang, Probolinggo, East Java.

Indonesia is an archipelago in Southeast Asia [32] which has 17 504 small and large islands, about 6,000 of them are uninhabited [33], which spread around the equator, which gives a tropical weather. Indonesia is located at position 6 ° N - 11 ° 08'LS and from 95 ° 'E - 141 ° 45'BT and lies between the two continents of Asia and Australia / Oceania.

Indonesia's territory extends along 3.977 mile between the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans. Indonesia's land area is 1.92257 million km ² and 3,257,483 km ² area waters. The island is densely populated island of Java, where half the population of Indonesia live. Indonesia consists of five major islands, namely: Java with an area of ​​132 107 km ², Sumatera with an area of ​​473 606 km ², Borneo with an area 539 460 km ², Sulawesi, with an area of ​​189 216 km ², and Papua with an area of ​​421.981 km ². Indonesia borders of islands was measured by using the territorial sea: 12 nautical miles and an exclusive economic zone: 200 nautical miles, [34] in the direction of the wind directions, namely:

North along the border of Malaysia to 1782 km [33], Singapore, the Philippines, and South China Sea

State of South Australia, Timor Leste, Indonesia and the Indian Ocean

Western Indian Ocean Indonesia

State of Papua New Guinea to the east along the border of 820 km [33], Timor Leste, and the Pacific Ocean

Natural resources

Indonesia's natural resources in the form of petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, fertile soil, coal, gold, and silver to the division of land consists of agricultural land by 10%, oil 7%, 7% pasture , forests and wooded areas by 62%, and the other by 14% in the irrigated area of ​​45 970 km [35].

Education

Main articles See also: Education in Indonesia

In accordance with the constitution in force, which is based on the 1945 Constitution and Article 31, paragraph 4 of Law No. 20 of 2003 on national education systems, that the government of Indonesia both central and regional budgets should be allocated for education by 20% from outside the state budget and regional budgets and the salaries of educators cost of service. However, in 2007 provided the allocation of only about 17.2%, much lower than the country of Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines which has been allocated a budget for the education of more than 28% [36].

Culture

Indonesia has about 300 ethnic groups, every ethnic heritage that has evolved over the centuries, influenced by Indian culture, Arabic, Chinese, European, and including his own, namely the Malay culture. Examples of traditional Javanese and Balinese dances have a cultural aspect and Hindu mythology, such as shadow puppets featuring the stories of Ramayana and Hindu mythological events Baratayuda. Many dance that contains the values ​​of Islam. Some of them can be found in areas such as Sumatra and dance dance Ratéb Meuseukat Seudati of Aceh.

The art of verse, couplets, and so on from various regions such as the Malay quatrain, rhyme, rhymes and more often used in certain occasions the event, performing arts, etc.

Alpha

www.wikipedia.com "tanks for join"